Alicante History

Alicante's history is a fascinating journey through the ages, marked by the influence of various civilisations and events that have shaped the city into what it is today. Here's a more detailed exploration of Alicante's historical evolution.

Ancient Origins:

The earliest known settlers in the Alicante region were the Iberians, who established the settlement of "Akra Leuke" (White Summit) around 1000 BC. This settlement eventually evolved into what we now know as Alicante. Archaeological sites like the Tossal de Manises provide evidence of this ancient Iberian presence.

Roman Rule:

Alicante's history took a significant turn during Roman times when it became known as "Lucentum." The Romans brought with them their culture and architecture, evident in structures like the Roman baths and the layout of the city. Lucentum served as a key port in the Roman province of Hispania.

Moorish Occupation:

After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, Alicante, like much of the Iberian Peninsula, fell under the rule of various Visigothic and Moorish dynasties. During the Moorish era, Alicante thrived as a centre of trade and agriculture, with the city's name evolving into "Al-Laqant."

Reconquista and Christian Rule:

The Reconquista, a period of Christian reconquest, led to Alicante's liberation from Moorish rule in the 13th century under King Alfonso X of Castile. The city was renamed Alicante, which is believed to have derived from the Arabic "al-laqant."

Medieval Prosperity:

Alicante flourished as a bustling Mediterranean port during the Middle Ages. It was a hub for trade, particularly with other European cities, and its strategic location made it a target for pirates. To defend against these threats, the Santa Bárbara Castle was constructed on Mount Benacantil, which still stands as a symbol of the city.

Modernisation and Growth:

In the 18th century, Alicante saw economic growth driven by the export of local products, including wines, almonds, and olive oil. With ups and down in the economy, the prosperity continued into the 19th century, marked by the construction of significant civic buildings and the famous Esplanade of Spain.

20th Century and Beyond:

In the 20th century, Alicante experienced urban development and population growth, becoming a prominent tourist destination along the Costa Blanca. The Spanish Civil War had a significant impact on the city, with the port being a critical Republican stronghold during the conflict.

Contemporary Alicante:

Today, Alicante is a thriving modern city that blends its historical heritage with a vibrant present. Visitors can explore the ancient Santa Bárbara Castle, wander through the charming Old Town, and relax on its stunning beaches. The city's rich history is still visible in its architecture, festivals, and cultural traditions, making it a captivating destination for travellers seeking a deeper connection with Spain's past.